Ամսագրի կամ հրապարակման վերնագիր:

Բյուրականի աստղադիտարանի հաղորդումներ: Երևանի աստղադիտարանի բյուլետեն = Сообщения Бюраканской обсерватории. Бюллетень ереванской Астрономической обсерватории = Contributions from the Burakan observatory. Bulletin of the Erevan astronomical observatory

Հրապարակման ամսաթիվ:

2025

Հատոր:

72

Համար:

2

ISSN:

2579-2276

Ծածկույթ:

313-329

Ամփոփում:

This study examines the possible gnomonic (shadow-measurement) function of Pillars 18 and 19 in Enclosure D at Portasar (G¨obekli Tepe), based on precise architectural measurements, an analysis of the Sun’s and Moon’s culminations, and calculations of the astronomical conditions around 9500 BCE. Unlike previously proposed iconographic or symbolic interpretations, the present analysis is built exclusively on an empirical basis, without making prior assumptions about the meaning of the carved motifs. The results show that the shadow boundaries produced by the mutual alignment of Pillars 18 and 19 correspond systematically to the winter solstice, the periods around the vernal and autumnal equinoxes, as well as to the Moon’s culminations during its major and minor standstills. Particularly significant is the fact that the arrangement of the seven birds carved on the pedestal of Pillar 18 coincides with the movement of Pillar 19’s midday shadow and reflects the period during which the seven stars of the Pleiades are not visible. This correspondence outlines a winter period of approximately 206.5 days, comprising seven synodic lunar months. Overall, the findings suggest that Pillars 18 and 19 of Enclosure D may have functioned as elements of a shadow-based calendrical system capable of explaining the associated iconography. By contrast, the widely cited “roofed building” hypothesis faces substantial difficulties in accounting for the observed reliefs.

Ձևաչափ:

pdf

Նույնացուցիչ:

oai:arar.sci.am:426414

Գլխավոր նշում:

Communications of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (ComBAO) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, which publishes research in observational and theoretical astronomy/astrophysics and presents recent advances in these fields. It is being published by the NAS RA V. Ambartsumian Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) in English in electronic form. The journal publishes original papers, review papers, brief reports, book reviews, special communications, observational and theoretical results in various fields of astronomy and related sciences, and some editorial notes, including anniversaries and obituaries. Under the heading “Legacy”, the renewed magazine will republish some old articles of high value in English. The heading “Guest articles” will bring to the attention of readers the articles of researchers who are not employees of BAO. ComBAO was founded in 1946 and regularly published in 1946-1990. However, the publication was interrupted because of the economic situation after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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