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Title: Turkification of the toponyms in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն=Fundamental Armenology
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Toponyms represent persistent linguistic facts, which have major historical and political significance. The rulers of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey realized the strategic importance of the toponyms and carried out consistent policies towards their distortion and appropriation. Aiming to assimilate the toponyms of the newly conquered territories, the Ottoman authorities translated them into Turkish from their original languages or transformed the local dialect place-names by the principle of contamination to make them sound like Turkish word-forms. Other methods of appropriation included the etymological misinterpretation and renaming and displacing the former toponyms altogether. The focus of the present article is the place-name transformation policies of the Ottoman Empire and its successor, the Republic of Turkey. The decree by the Minister of War Enver Pasha issued on January 5, 1916 with the orders to totally change the “non-Muslim” place-names is for the first time presented in English, Armenian and Russian translations. The article also deals with the artificially created term of “Eastern Anatolia” as an ungrounded, politicized substitute for Western Armenia, the political objectives of the pro-Turkish circles as well as the consequences of putting the mentioned ersatz term into circulation.
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oai:arar.sci.am:8753
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Dec 13, 2023
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Sep 17, 2019
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45
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https://arar.sci.am/publication/10099
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն=Fundamental Armenology
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2015, հատոր 1
- Editorial Board
- Contents
- The Address of the President of NAS RA Academician R. Martirosyan on the Occasion of the Publication of the “Fundamental Armenology” Electronic Journal
- Pan-Armenian Declaration on the centennial of the Armenian Genocide
- Editorial
- The development of the Armenian statehood: Kingdom of Hayasa (XIV-XIII centuries BC)
- The historical arguments for the date (5th century) of writing “The History of Armenia” by Movses Khorenatsi
- The historical background and the stages of the Armenian Question
- Analysis of the Turkish program of the Armenian Genocide
- The Armenian Genocide: from International recognition and condemnation to reparations and restitution
- Collapse of the Western Armenian Press of Constantinople and Smyrna (1915-1918) in the years of the Armenian Genocide
- Armin T. Wegner’s letters and diary of 1915-1916 and struggle for condemnation of the Armenian Genocide
- Turkish-Azerbaijani falsifications of the Armenian toponyms as an indication of the Genocidal Policy
- The defendant of Armenia’s historical, political and geographical entity in Historical Cartography
- A brief history of the maps of Armenia
- The Archaeological site of Shengavit: An ancient town in the Armenian Highland
- Armanu - Prunus Armeniaca: Originated in Armenia (historical background of the native land of apricot versus modern information challenges)
- Armenology and Metaarmenology and the concept of metascience
- Importance of the Armenian toponyms’ ontological integrity in the system of National Security
- The Arbitral Award on Turkish-Armenian Boundary by President of the USA Woodrow Wilson (Nov. 22, 1920)
- The Armenian Genocide - Armenocide
- Legal grounds of the plea to the International Court of Justice on the case of the Armenian Genocide
- Armenian State governance in the epochs of the Kingdoms of Great Armenia and Cilicia
- The Ottoman policy of the destruction of the Ethno-Demographic structure of Erzrum Province of Western Armenia (from the 16th century to the beginning of the 20th century)
- Turkification of the toponyms in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
- The Turkish unpunished Crime of Genocide against the Armenians - The suicide road of Mankind
- Armenian civilizational heritage versus Turkish- Azerbaijani falsification of History and Historical Geography
- Armenian studies in the system of Information Security
- Historical truth against Turkish-Azerbaijani falsifications in Information warfare
- The reflection of the Hamidian Massacres and the Armenian Genocide in Armenian Painting (1894-1923)
- On possible Armenian Nature of Introductory formulas in Urartian Inscriptions
- Biainian (Urartian)-Armenian (The issue of linguistic identity)
- German Officer Heinrich Vierbücher on the Armenian Genocide
- Jean Aicard's protest against the Armenian Genocide of 1915
- The Armenian Question and the Armenian Genocide in Turkey (1913-1919) = Die Armenische Frage und der Genozid an den Armeniern in der Türkei (1913 - 1919)
- The decision of the Ottoman Government on the Deportation of Armenians (May 30, 1915)
- The Armenian Genocide According to the testimonies of the eyewitness survivors
- Genocide after the Genocide (photos of destroyed monuments)
- Report Turks shot women and children (New York Times, 1915-08-04)
- Burn 1.000 Armenians (New York Times, 1915-08-20)
- Turks depopulate towns of Armenia (New York Times, 1915-08-27)
- Answer Morgenthau by hanging Armenians (New York Times, 1915-09-16)
- 500,000 Armenians said to have Perished (New York Times, 1915-09-24)
- Aid for Armenians blocked by Turkey. The American Committee puts victims at 1,000,000 (New York Times, 1915-11-01)
- Woman describes Armenian killings (New York Times, 1915-12-12)
- Armenian Atrocities (The Bathurst Times, 1915-12-18)
- Armenian horrors Crow (New York Times, 1915-08-06)
- Wholesale Massacres of Armenians by Turks (New York Times, 1915-07-29)
- Whole Plain Strewn by Armenian Bodies (New York Times, 1915-03-20)
- Says Extinction menaces Armenia (New York Times, 1915-09-25)
- Turkish officials promote Massacres (New York Times, 1915-09-07)
- Tales of Armenian horrors confirmed (New York Times, 1915-09-27)
- Only 200,000 Armenians now left in Turkey (New York Times, 1915-10-22)
- Tell of horrors done in Armenia (New York Times, 1915-10-04)
- Armenians are sent to perish in desert (New York Times, 1915-08-18)
- The depopulation of Armenia (New York Times, 1915-09-27)
- Turks continue barbarous work; kill Armenians (Duluth News Tribune, 1915-10-26)
- Will ask U.S. aid for suffering Armenians (09-30) (The Washington Herald, 1915-10-01)
- A world to Turkey (The Minneapolis Journal, 1915-10-05)
- Turks renew Massacres (Duluth Weekly Herald, 1915-10-13)
- Wave of Indignation sweeping over States at Turk Atrocities (Honolulu Star Bulletin, 1915-10-23)
- Terrible Turk at old game of Butchery (Weekly Journal-Miner, 1915-10-27)
- The Assassination of a Race (The Independent, 1915-10-18)
- Massacre of Armenians (The Duluth Herald, 1915-10-08)
- Evidence portrays Turks as Butchers (The Duluth News Tribune, 1915-10-04)
- Armenia devastated by Turks (Kerang New Times, 1915-09-28)
- Save the Armenians (Saint Paul Pioneer Press, 1915-09-07)
- 500,000 Armenians slain in 6 Months (The Sun, 1915-09-27)
- Armenians at Van massacred (The Ogden Standard, 1915-05-17)
- Armenocide: The Armenian Genocide during the First World War (www.armenocide.net/)
- ANI: Sample Archival Documents on the Armenian Genocide (www.armenian-genocide.org)
- Press coverage during the Armenian Genocide (en.wikipedia.org)
- Hrachik R. Simonyan, The Destruction of Armenians in Cilicia, April 1909
- John S. Kirakosyan, The Armenian Genocide: The Young Turks before the Judgment of History (an extract from the book)
- Hovhannisyan N. H., The Armenian Genocide is corroborated by the International Scholarly, Legal and Human Rights Community (an extract from the book)
- Melkonyan A. A., Javakhk in the 19th century and the 1st quarter of the 20th century (a historical research)
- Stepanyan G. S., Armenians of Baku Province in the second half of the 19th century (Historical-Demographic Study)
- Doloukhanyan A. G., Saint-Martin the Founder of French Armenology
- Dumikyan A. V., The Issues in the History of ancient and early medieval Armenia In French Armenology of the 19th century
- Gevorgyan Z. H., The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in the System of Mediterranean Trade (13th -14th CC.) (Summary)
- Power and Justice in International Relations. Interdisciplinary approaches to Global Challenges. Edited by Marie-Luisa Frick and Andreas Oberprantacher, University of Innsbruck, Ashgate, 2009, 284 pages
- Ruben Safrastyan. Ottoman Empire: The Genesis of the Program of Genocide (1876-1920)
- Yu. Suvaryan, V. Mirzoyan, R. Hayrapetyan. “Public Administration: Theory and History”
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2015, հատոր 2
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2016, հատոր 1 (3)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2016, հատոր 2 (4)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2017, հատոր 1 (5)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2017, հատոր 2 (6)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2018, հատոր 1 (7)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2018, հատոր 2 (8)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2019, հատոր 1 (9)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2019, հատոր 2 (10)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2020, հատոր 1 (11)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2020, հատոր 2 (12)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2021, հատոր 1 (13)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2021, հատոր 2 (14)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2022, հատոր 1 (15)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2022, հատոր 2 (16)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2023, հատոր 1 (17)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2023, հատոր 2 (18)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2024, հատոր 1 (19)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2024, հատոր 2 (20)
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Հիմնարար հայագիտություն, 2015, հատոր 1
| Edition name | Date |
|---|---|
| Sahakyan, L. S., Turkification of the toponyms in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey | Dec 13, 2023 |
