The relevance of the problem of identity and identification isdetermined by the changes in socio-cultural reality in the post-modern societies of the second half of the 20thcentury, the crisis in the exis-tential approach to personality studies, enhanced integrative trends inscientific thinking, its humani-tarianization and anthropocentric nature.This research paper looks at the actualization of the studies on identity and identification, describes the history and scope of the identification studies, substantiates the differentiation between the terms of individual/collective identity and identification.The differentiation of the investigated terms is confinedto the fact that identification serves as a foundation for constructing identity, so they correlate as a mechanism, process, and result of such mecha-nism¶s operation in an individual self-conscious. Identification is seen as a cognitive-and-emotional mech-anism of identity construction, due to which the subject constructs his or her sameness. Identity is a result of recognition and emotional assessment of the individual-and-group and collective characteristics by an individual or group. Such characteristics have been endorsed by the relevant others as a result of construct-ing the world image, the image of the collective, of individual‟s or group‟s self and their place in there, basing on the specific identifying features.

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